The hydraulic hose is generally made of synthetic rubber. The use of synthetic rubber gives the hydraulic hose elastic properties and to strengthen this hose and withstand fluid pressure, several reinforcing layers are usually woven or wrapped around it. The hydraulic hose can transfer fluid forces with very little drop and by changing the size of the hose, the received force at the hose outlet can be reduced or increased.

Inner Tube

The function of the inner tube is to provide chemical resistance against the passing fluid in such a way that there is no reaction with the fluid and no change occurs in the chemical properties of the fluid.

Reinforced Layer

This layer is responsible for withstanding fluid pressure, and therefore it is designed according to the fluid pressure that is intended to flow through the hose. This part usually contains a covering of twisted metal wires interlaced with a plastic layer. Depending on the type of hose, strong fiber strands may also be used. Typically, one to six layers of wire along with one to six layers of woven strands are used over the inner tube in a flat layer. The number of these layers is determined based on various standards.

Outer Layer

The outer layer of the high-pressure hose is responsible for resisting environmental factors such as abrasion, oxidation, and corrosion of the hose against various chemicals such as oils, etc. In addition, the specifications of the hydraulic hose, including the production date and relevant standards, are printed on this layer.

Types of Hydraulic Hoses

Hydraulic hoses are generally divided into two categories: wire-reinforced and fiber-reinforced.

The wire-reinforced hoses themselves are further divided into two categories: medium-pressure and high-pressure hydraulic hoses.

These hoses are usually used for transferring oils under high pressure and various temperatures since they can withstand significant temperature differences. Current hydraulic hoses are capable of working at pressures above 350 bar and can continue to function without issues for many years. The higher the pressure required, the greater the number of wire layers wrapped around the tube. This number is about 4 to 6 layers for high pressures and about 1 to 2 layers for medium pressures.

The fiber-reinforced hydraulic hose is used for lower pressures and is usually made from 1 to 2 layers of fabric or 1 to 6 layers of woven strands over the tube.

Suitable Hydraulic Hose

Below are some of the most important points to consider when purchasing and installing a hydraulic hose:

1- Pay attention to the compatibility of the fluid and the high-pressure hydraulic hose

2- Pay attention to the compatibility of the hydraulic hose with the fluid pressure

3- Withstand mechanical pressures applied during operation such as shock loads and various fluid pressure fluctuations

4- Compatible with temperature changes of the fluid and working environment

5- Carefully choose the inner diameter of the high-pressure hose based on the required pressure

6- Exercise sufficient care in installing equipment and using recommended materials by high-pressure hose manufacturers.

7- If possible, the path of the hydraulic hose should avoid close proximity to rotating and moving systems, hot parts, and ovens, and a slack of 5 to 8 percent should be considered for the hose since excessive tightening of the hose causes high pressures during operation.

8- Identify destructive environmental factors and eliminate them as much as possible. Some of these factors include installing hydraulic hoses in environments that are close to corrosive chemicals, acidic environments, various solvents, corrosive fluids, air pollution, ultraviolet light, ozone, and saline water.

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