The elevator is a device for vertical movement between floors of a building. This device has different types, including the following:

Traction elevator

Hydraulic elevator

Gearbox traction elevator

Gearless traction elevator

Pneumatic elevator

Screw (twisted) elevator

The function of all these types is similar, but their performance varies depending on the type of use and the installation location of the device, the type of elevator will vary. The topic of our discussion in this article is the hydraulic elevator, also known as the hydraulic lift. This device has its own specific mechanism, operating conditions, and installation requirements.

Introduction to Hydraulic Elevator

The hydraulic elevator is an elevator that operates based on a hydraulic mechanism. The hydraulic system generates a force that is very powerful; this force is transferred through hydraulic fluid into jacks consisting of a cylinder and piston. The hydraulic jack directs the elevator cabin upwards when the cabin opens, and when the hydraulic fluid is discharged and the jack closes, the cabin descends.

The hydraulic elevator is a type of vertical lift that uses hydraulic fluids to raise and lower the elevator cabin. In a hydraulic elevator, a pump injects oil into the cylinder, which drives the piston upwards. The piston is connected to the elevator cabin, so when the piston moves upwards, the elevator cabin moves upwards, and when the pressure is released, the elevator cabin descends.

Hydraulic elevators are typically used in low-rise buildings such as apartment buildings, manufacturing facilities, warehouses, and office buildings. They are usually not used in tall buildings because they are not as fast as traction elevators and are limited to about 20 meters of travel. However, hydraulic elevators are more energy-efficient than traction elevators, can handle heavy loads, and have lower installation costs.

How Does a Hydraulic Elevator Work?

The hydraulic pump injects oil into the cylinder, which drives the piston upwards. The piston is connected to the elevator cabin, so when the piston moves upwards, the elevator cabin also moves upwards. When the elevator cabin reaches its destination, the valve opens, and the oil flows back into the oil reservoir, lowering the elevator cabin. The speed of a hydraulic elevator is determined by the size of the pump/motor and the size of the piston. The larger the pump and cylinder, the faster the elevator will be. Typically, a hydraulic elevator moves at a speed of between 0.3 to 0.8 meters per second.

Hydraulic elevators have several advantages over other types of elevators, including energy efficiency; hydraulic elevators are more energy-efficient than traction elevators. This is because they use less electricity to operate. Quiet operation; hydraulic elevators are often quieter than traction elevators. This is because they have no moving parts like cables or tracks, and also do not have noisy motors or machinery. Low maintenance: hydraulic elevators require less maintenance than traction elevators. This is because they have fewer moving parts. Low cost; based on the simple design and minimal equipment required for a hydraulic elevator, their installation and setup costs are lower than those of traction elevators.

How is a Hydraulic Elevator Installed?

The installation process for all hydraulic elevators is the same. This process can vary depending on the size of the building, the size of the elevator, and of course the power source that drives the elevator. However, the installation of a hydraulic elevator is different from that of a traction elevator or a pneumatic elevator. The driving force in all hydraulic elevators is provided by a power unit, which is as follows:

Hydraulic power unit: is a package that generates the driving force for the elevator by combining several devices and components. The power unit includes an electric motor, an oil tank (hydraulic fluid storage chamber), hydraulic oil, a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic solenoid valve, hoses, and flow connections. Depending on the type of hydraulic elevator, the installation method may vary.

Installation of direct jack hydraulic elevator: This type of elevator requires digging a hole the diameter of the hydraulic jack cylinder beneath the elevator pit space (pit floor). The term direct jack means that the hydraulic jack is placed directly beneath the cabin and guides the cabin upwards and downwards. In this method, the hydraulic jack is embedded in the ground so that the entire cylinder is buried and the piston (shaft) comes out from inside it. Elevators installed using this method have very high power and are used in places where there is not enough space to install the jack beside the cabin.

Installation of side jack hydraulic elevator: In this type of elevator, as the name suggests, the jack or jacks are mounted on the sides of the cabin and on the iron framework. Every type of elevator has space for the cabin to move vertically, which is referred to as the elevator shaft; the metal structure on which all parts of the elevator are mounted is installed around the shaft or at least on one of its main sides. The hydraulic jacks are installed at the bottom of the structure and guide the cabin with the help of a wire rope or chain. To ensure correct, direct, and non-deviating guidance, guide rails must also be installed on the structure. These rails are called elevator rails, which come in various sizes and numbers. Wherever there is a hydraulic jack, a pair of parallel rails will be installed, aligning the jack with the rails. At the top of the jack, which leads to the piston head, there is a piece called the jack head, which is mounted on the rails via two shoes and directs the force generated by the jack to the rails, ultimately moving the elevator cabin.

Steps for Installing a Hydraulic Elevator

Preparing the installation site and providing the necessary electricity

Accurate estimation of the travel height

Procurement of iron materials and equipment related to the installation of the elevator structure

Iron framework and installation of the elevator structure along with guide rails

Installation of the elevator cabin

Startup and installation of the electrical and hydraulic system of the elevator

Inspection and testing before starting the device

For more details on the installation process of hydraulic elevators, you can visit the Asia Borj website.

Cost of Installing a Hydraulic Elevator

The factors that influence the price of installing a hydraulic elevator include the following:

Amount of travel height

Carrying capacity

Additional equipment and facilities

Special decorations

Frequently Asked Questions

What buildings are suitable for hydraulic elevators?

The hydraulic elevator is suitable for buildings with a final height of 20 meters. This type of elevator, despite its height limitation, has a lot of power. Sometimes during construction, space for elevator installation is not provided, and there is no necessity considered, but after a while, residents may need an elevator, in which case the hydraulic elevator will be the best option.

How much space is needed for installing a hydraulic elevator?

Generally, all elevators occupy similar space for installation, which depends on the height, carrying capacity, and dimensions of the required cabin, with the difference being that there is no need for a machine room space when installing a hydraulic elevator, which is one of the advantages of this device.

How long does it take to install a hydraulic elevator?

After preparing the installation site, depending on the dimensions of the elevator, the installation time for a hydraulic elevator is between 24 hours to one week, which is considered an advantage of this device compared to other types of elevators.

Finally, for consultation and to receive more accurate information, you can visit the website www.asiaborj.com or contact the sales department of Asia Borj.

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